RC vehicles come equipped with three differentials, typically one at the front, center, and rear. This means that the RC vehicle is a four-wheel drive and can transmit power to all four tires. The internal workings of the differentials are bevel gear types, known as spider gears, that allow power to be transmitted as needed.
However, these differentials are open type, meaning that power transmitted through the drivetrain will take the path of least resistance when it reaches the differential. This results in all the power being transmitted to the tire with the least amount of traction, causing the vehicle to spin out. This is where adjusting the differential fluids can improve the vehicle’s performance.
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Differential Oils
Differential oils are rated from low thousands to several hundred thousands. A lighter weight oil, closer to the 3000 mark, will be more viscous and run faster. On the other hand, a heavier weight oil, closer to the 50000 mark, will be thicker and heavier. The idea is to prevent the power from being transmitted to the tire with the least amount of traction by increasing the weight of the oil.
Front Differential
When it comes to the front differential, a heavier setup will result in better out of the corner power. This is achieved by using a heavier weight oil in the front differential, allowing both wheels to bite harder when power is applied. For better steering going into the corner, a lighter setup is preferred. A lighter differential fluid in the front differential will allow the tires to adjust to different speeds, providing more control when entering a corner. However, this setup sacrifices power delivery out of the corner.
Center Differential
The center differential controls the vehicle’s acceleration performance and is considered the straight-line acceleration parameter. For good acceleration, a heavier fluid should be used in the center differential. Thicking up the center differential sends power in both directions, towards the front and rear, making it more equal. This sends more power to the rear, allowing for better straight-line acceleration.
Rear Differential
For the rear differential, a lighter setup is preferred for high-speed handling and stability. This is achieved by using a lighter weight oil in the rear differential, allowing the wheels to spin at different speeds. This results in better stability and high-speed handling.
Conclusion
In conclusion, adjusting the differential fluids in RC vehicles can greatly improve its performance. The front differential affects the vehicle’s power and steering, the center differential affects acceleration, and the rear differential affects high-speed handling and stability. Finding the right balance between these differentials can enhance the overall performance of the vehicle.